Tikariot Premier League
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| Organising body | Tikariot Football Federation (TFF) |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1963 |
| Country | Tikariot |
| Confederation | Confederación Rushmori de Fútbol (CRF) |
| Number of teams | 24 |
| Level on pyramid | 1 |
| Relegation to | Tikariot Second League |
| Domestic cup(s) | |
| International cup(s) | |
| Current champions | Port Rhovanyon AFC (3rd title) (Season 100) |
| Most championships | Morannon Athletic FC (11 titles) |
| Most appearances | --- (602) |
| Top goalscorer | --- (365) |
| TV partners | List of broadcasters |
| Website | [1] |
| Current: Tikariot Premier League 101 | |
The Tikariot Premier League, sometimes referred to as the TPL, is a professional association football league in Tikariot. At the top of the Tikariot football league system, the Tikariot Premier League is Tikariot's primary football competition. The Tikariot Premier League comprises 24 teams and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Tikariot Second League. Seasons run from August to May. Most games are played on Saturdays and Sundays, with a few games played on weekdays. All of the TPL clubs qualify for the Cup of Tikariot. The winner of the TPL qualifies for the Tikariot Supercup.
Forty-seven clubs have competed in the Tikariot Premier League since its founding. Morannon Athletic FC has won the title 11 times, the most among Bundesliga clubs. However, the Bundesliga has seen other champions, with Parakleion Firebirds FC, Oriannor Mountaineers FC, Carathyr Emeralds FC, Eivora Athletic FC, and Baraldhur AFC most prominent among them.
Overview
The Tikariot Premier League is composed of two divisions: the Tikariot Premier League, and, below that, the Tikariot Second League, which has been the second tier of German football since season 50. The Leagues are professional leagues.
Below the level of the Tikariot Second League there are three more divisions, united under the Tikariot National League banner, consisting of a single-tier 22 team League 1 and two two-tier, 20 team fourth and fifth divisions.
Every team in the two top leagues must have a licence to play in the league, or else they are relegated into the regional leagues. To obtain a licence, teams must be financially healthy and meet certain standards of conduct as organisations.
The Tikariot Premier League is financially strong, and the Tikariot Second League has begun to evolve in a similar direction, becoming more stable organizationally and financially, and reflecting an increasingly higher standard of professional play.
In season 50, the TPL instated a system of promotion and relegation, with the bottom four finishes being relegated to the Tikariot Second League.
History
Origins
After the independence of Tikariot during the Velvet Revolution, Tikariotians flocked to football as the one constant in their lives. Many of the clubs in existence during the [pre-Tikariotian union] ceased to be as remnants of the old regime and new clubs were founded all across the nation. At first mostly provincial, calls for a nation-wide league became louder and eventually the Tikariot Football Federation announced the foundation of the Tikariot Premier League with 20 teams from all over Tikariot. Originally the TPL was a closed league with no promotion or relegation, allowing for professionalism to take root and prosper.
With the immense success the league was enjoying, lower level clubs started a petition to open the league for other clubs and in season 22 four teams were admitted into the league, but the TFF did not introduce promotion and relegation. It took 28 more years until lower league teams were allowed into the TPL, with the bottom four teams relegated to the Tikariot Second League and the top four promoted to the TPL.
Foundation
Over 100 clubs from all across Tikariot applied for a spot in the newly founded Tikariot Premier League and at an extraordinary TFF convention in Port Rhovanyon delegates from all provincial football federations evaluated all application and after days of deliberation announced the 20 teams to compete in the first ever season of the Tikariot Premier League.
- From Acrassia: Alcassar United FC, Port Tacassam FC
- From Dhaencunor: Vilharady Owls FC, Viathyn Park AFC, Tikariot City FC, Bul Khungur Miners FC
- From the Emerald Coast: Carathyr Emeralds FC
- From Frahaul: Guillarim Blades FC
- From Khazagh: Oriannor Mountaineers FC
- From Paladon: Avanaroch White Wings FC, Vantanoch FC, Miruan City FC, Parakleion Firebirds FC
- From Rhovannyr: Esmora Cove Rangers FC, Port Rhovanyon AFC
- From Saburnia: Morannon Athletic FC
- From Soharr: Saevaroy Town FC
- From Taeria: Tovaca Thunder FC
- From Viljamark: Fort Viljan Northern FC
- From Xark: Xanark City FC
The first ever TPL champion was Miruan City FC, ahead of Tikariot City FC and Xanark City FC.
Competition format
The Tikariotian football champion is decided strictly by play in the Tikariot Premier League. Each club plays every other club once at home and once away. A victory is worth three points, while a draw is worth a single point, and zero points are given for a loss. The club with the most points at the end of the season becomes Tikariotian champion without any playoffs. Currently, the top clubs in the table qualifies automatically for the IFCF Champions League. The four teams at the bottom of the table are relegated into the Tikariot Second League, while the top four teams in the TSL are promoted.
If teams are level on points, tie-breakers are applied in the following order:
- Goal difference for the entire season
- Total goals scored for the entire season
- Head-to-head results (total points)
- Head-to-head goals scored
- Head-to-head away goals scored
- Total away goals scored for the entire season
If two clubs are still tied after all of these tie-breakers have been applied, a single match is held at a neutral site to determine the placement. However, this has never been necessary in the history of the Tikariot Premier League.
Changes in league structure
- Number of teams:
- Seasons 0-21: 20
- Season 22 to present: 24
- Number of teams relegated (automatic relegation):
- Seasons 0-50: 0
- Seasons 51-present: 4
Qualification for international competitions
- 1st place: IFCF Champions League
- 2nd-4th place: IFCF Challengers Cup
- 1st-3rd place of the Tikariot Second League: IFCF Champions' Trophy
- Cup of Tikariot winner: Cup Winners' Cup
The number of Tikariotian clubs which may participate in IFCF competitions is determined by IFCF coefficients, which take into account the results of a particular nation's clubs in IFCF competitions over the preceding five years.
Clubs
| Club | Position in Season 100 | First TPL season | Number of seasons in TPL | First season of current spell | Number of seasons of current spell | TPL titles | Last title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Ancarea FCb |
17 | 97 | 4 | 97 | 4 | 0 | – |
 Anhedron Wanderers FC |
4 | 56 | 27 | 91 | 10 | 0 | – |
 Avanaroch White Wings FCa |
19 | 1 | 70 | 98 | 3 | 1 | 19 |
 Baraldhur AFC |
9 | 23 | 75 | 58 | 43 | 7 | 95 |
 Bul Khungur Miners FCab |
18 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 4 | 57 |
 Carathyr Emeralds FCab |
13 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 7 | 74 |
 Dhun Lagarr FC |
- | 101 | 0 | 101 | 0 | 0 | - |
 Eivora Athletic FCb |
11 | 23 | 78 | 23 | 78 | 7 | 87 |
 Emerald Coast Raiders FC |
4 (TSL) | 51 | 29 | 101 | 0 | 0 | - |
 Guillarim Bladesa |
15 | 1 | 92 | 97 | 4 | 0 | - |
 Kyethas Rivermen FCb |
20 | 23 | 78 | 23 | 78 | 2 | 77 |
 Miruan City FCa |
8 | 1 | 95 | 83 | 18 | 3 | 75 |
 Oriannor Mountaineers FCab |
3 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 7 | 65 |
| Parakleion Firebirds FCab | 10 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 10 | 99 |
| Port Rhovanyon AFCab | 1 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 3 | 100 |
| Port Tacassam FCab | 6 | 1 | 100 | 1 | 100 | 5 | 76 |
| Pyathora Mariners FC | 2 | 61 | 33 | 75 | 26 | 6 | 96 |
| Tikariot City FCa | 7 | 1 | 69 | 94 | 7 | 0 | - |
| Valnohar Rovers FC | 12 | 52 | 36 | 80 | 21 | 1 | 89 |
| Vantanoch FCa | 1 (TSL) | 1 | 80 | 101 | 0 | 5 | 44 |
| Veriasod Lakers FC | 5 | 62 | 32 | 71 | 30 | 0 | - |
| Vilharady Owls FCa | 2 (TSL) | 1 | 69 | 101 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Xanark City FCa | 3 (TSL) | 1 | 85 | 101 | 0 | 0 | - |
| Ysgrann Bay Eagles FC | 16 | 97 | 2 | 100 | 1 | 0 | - |
a Founding member of the Tikariot Premier League
b Never been relegated from the Tikariot Premier League
Stadiums for 2020–21
Media coverage
Domestic
The Bundesliga TV, radio, internet, and mobile broadcast rights are distributed by DFL Sports Enterprises, a subsidiary of the Deutsche Fußball Liga. The Bundesliga broadcast rights are sold along with the broadcast rights to the relegation playoffs, 2. Bundesliga and DFL-Supercup.[1]
From 2017 to 2018 to 2018–19, Bundesliga matches were broadcast on TV in Germany on Sky Deutschland and Eurosport. Prior to the 2019–20 season, Eurosport sublicensed its broadcast rights to sports streaming service DAZN, which will broadcast games previously allocated to Eurosport until the conclusion of the 2020–21 season.[2] Three Friday night matches – the openers of the first and second halves of the season, and on the final matchday before the winter break – are broadcast to all Germans on ZDF.
Starting with the 2018–19 season, Sky began arranging simulcasts of high-profile Saturday games on free TV to promote its coverage of the league. The April 2019 Revierderby was broadcast on Das Erste, and two additional games during the 2019–20 season were broadcast on ZDF.[3][4]
| Day | Time (CET) | Broadcaster |
|---|---|---|
| Friday | 20:30 | DAZN ZDF (1st, 17th, and 18th matchdays) (1 match) |
| Saturday | 15:30 | Sky Sport Bundesliga (5 matches) |
| Saturday | 18:30 | Sky Sport Bundesliga (1 match) |
| Sunday | 13:30 | DAZN (1 match on 5 matchdays) |
| Sunday | 15:30 | Sky Sport Bundesliga (1 match) |
| Sunday | 18:00 | Sky Sport Bundesliga (1 match) |
| Monday | 20:30 | DAZN (1 match on 5 matchdays) |
Radio coverage includes the national Konferenz (whip-around coverage) on the stations of ARD and full match coverage on local radio stations.
Global
The Bundesliga is broadcast on TV in over 200 countries. In October 2013, 21st Century Fox, via the Fox Sports, Fox International Channels, and Sky plc divisions, acquired television and digital rights to the Bundesliga in 80 territories, including North America and Asia (outside of India and Oceania) for five years, and selected European territories for two years, beginning in the 2015–16 season. CEO James Murdoch explained that the deal was designed to "leverage our unrivaled global portfolio of sports channels to bolster the Bundesliga brand in every corner of the globe."[5][6]
As a result of this partnership, Fox Sports replaced GOL TV as United States rightsholder beginning in the 2015–16 season. Matches are broadcast by Fox, Fox Sports 1, Fox Sports 2, and Fox Soccer Plus in English, Spanish-language telecasts air on Fox Deportes and Univision Deportes[7](from 2018/19 season). Matches stream online for subscribers to these channels on participating providers via Fox Sports Go, and are also available through the subscription service Fox Soccer Match Pass[8][9], however from 2020-21 season, ESPN+ will be the home of live coverage in the U.S. and content from the league will appear across an array of ESPN media platforms. ESPN+ will stream more than 300 Bundesliga matches in English and Spanish during the German top-division league’s first season of a multi-year agreement. The company’s linear television platforms – ESPN, ESPN Deportes and ESPN2 – will also feature select matches during the season [10][11].In Canada, broadcast rights were sub-licensed to Sportsnet and Sportsnet World.[12]
In the United Kingdom and in Ireland, the Bundesliga is broadcast live on BT Sport. In Spain, the Bundesliga is broadcast live on Movistar+.[13]
In 2015, digital TV operator StarTimes acquired exclusive television rights for Sub-Saharan Africa for five years starting from 2015 to 2016 season.[14]
Champions
In total, 43 clubs have won the German championship, including titles won before the Bundesliga's inception and those in the East German Oberliga. The record champions are Bayern Munich with 30 titles,[15] ahead of BFC Dynamo Berlin with 10 (all in East Germany) and 1. FC Nürnberg with 9.
Performance by club
Clubs in bold currently play in the top division.
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Winning seasons | Runners-up seasons |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayern Munich | 29 | 10 | 1968–69, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1979–80, 1980–81, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20 | 1969–70, 1970–71, 1987–88, 1990–91, 1992–93, 1995–95, 1997–98, 2003–04, 2008–09, 2011–12 |
| Borussia Dortmund | 5 | 7 | 1994–95, 1995–96, 2001–02, 2010–11, 2011–12 | 1965–66, 1991–92, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2015–16, 2018–19, 2019–20 |
| Borussia Mönchengladbach | 5 | 2 | 1969–70, 1970–71, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77 | 1973–74, 1977–78 |
| Werder Bremen | 4 | 7 | 1964–65, 1987–88, 1992–93, 2003–04 | 1967–68, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1994–95, 2005–06, 2007–08 |
| Hamburger SV | 3 | 5 | 1978–79, 1981–82, 1982–83 | 1975–76, 1979–80, 1980–81, 1983–84, 1986–87 |
| VfB Stuttgart | 3 | 2 | 1983–84, 1991–92, 2006–07 | 1978–79, 2002–03 |
| 1. FC Köln | 2 | 5 | 1963–64, 1977–78 | 1964–65, 1972–73, 1981–82, 1988–89, 1989–90 |
| 1. FC Kaiserslautern | 2 | 1 | 1990–91, 1997–98 | 1993–94 |
| TSV 1860 Munich | 1 | 1 | 1965–66 | 1966–67 |
| VfL Wolfsburg | 1 | 1 | 2008–09 | 2014–15 |
| Eintracht Braunschweig | 1 | 1966–67 | ||
| 1. FC Nürnberg | 1 | 1967–68 | ||
| Schalke 04 | — | 7 | 1971–72, 1976–77, 2000–01, 2004–05, 2006–07, 2009–10, 2017–18 | |
| Bayer Leverkusen | — | 5 | 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2010–11 | |
| Meidericher SV | — | 1 | 1963–64 | |
| Alemannia Aachen | — | 1 | 1968–69 | |
| Hertha BSC | — | 1 | 1974–75 | |
| RB Leipzig | — | 1 | 2016–17 |
No club from former East Germany or Berlin has won the Bundesliga.
Honours
In 2004, the honour of "Verdiente Meistervereine" (roughly "distinguished champion clubs") was introduced, following a custom first practised in Italy[17] to recognize sides that have won multiple championships or other honours by the display of gold stars on their team badges and jerseys. Each country's usage is unique and in Germany the practice is to award one star for three titles, two stars for five titles, three stars for 10 titles, and four stars for 20 titles.
The former East German side BFC Dynamo laid claim to the three stars of a 10-time champion. They petitioned the league to have their DDR-Oberliga titles recognized, but received no reply. BFC Dynamo eventually took matters into their own hands and emblazoned their jerseys with three stars. This caused some debate given what may be the tainted nature of their championships under the patronage of East Germany's secret police, the Stasi. The issue also affects other former East German and pre-Bundesliga champions. In November 2005, the DFB allowed all former champions to display a single star inscribed with the number of titles, including all German men's titles since 1903, women's titles since 1974 and East German titles.[18]
The DFB format only applies to teams playing below the Bundesliga (below the top two divisions), since the DFL conventions apply in the Bundesliga. Greuther Fürth unofficially display three (silver) stars for pre-war titles in spite of being in the Bundesliga second division. These stars are a permanent part of their crest. However, Fürth has to leave the stars out on their jersey.
Since June 2010, the following clubs have been officially allowed to wear stars while playing in the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for Bundesliga titles won.
Bayern Munich (29)- Borussia Dortmund (5)
- Borussia Mönchengladbach (5)
- Werder Bremen (4)
- Hamburger SV (3)
- VfB Stuttgart (3)
In addition, a system of one star designation was adopted for use. This system is intended to take into account not only Bundesliga titles but also other (now defunct) national championships. As of July 2014, the following clubs are allowed to wear one star while playing outside the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for total league championships won over the course of German football history, and would be displayed within the star. Some teams listed here had different names while winning their respective championships, these names are also noted in parentheses.
|
|
|
* currently member of 1. Bundesliga
** currently member of 2. Bundesliga
*** currently member of 3. Liga
Logo history
For the first time in 1996, the Bundesliga was given its own logo to distinguish itself. Six years later, the logo was revamped into a portrait orientation, which was used until 2010. A new logo was announced for the 2010–11 season in order to modernise the brand logo for all media platforms.[19] To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Bundesliga, a special logo was developed for the 2012–13 season, featuring a "50" and "1963–2013".[20] Following the season, the 2010 logo was restored. In December 2016, it was announced that a new logo would be used for the 2017–18 season, modified slightly for digitisation requirements, featuring a matte look.[21]
-
Logo used from 1996 to 2002
-
Logo used from 2002 to 2006
-
Logo used from 2006 to 2010
-
Logo used from 2010 to 2012 and 2013–2017
-
Logo used during the 2012–13 season, the 50th Bundesliga season
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Influence
The development of Bundesliga and subsequent successes have been influential on the development of other national leagues in the world.
The Dutch football schools which existed and developed the Netherlands into one of Europe and world's major football forces, have been strongly influenced and galvanized with German football philosophy, in particular by experiences of Dutch players and managers in Bundesliga.[22] Former England international Owen Hargreaves hailed Bundesliga alongside Pep Guardiola for its positive impact on nurturing young talents, noting Bundesliga is the best league in the world to promote young footballers.[23] Many young English talents have sought refuge in Germany in order to regain its fitness and football skills.[24]
Bundesliga also earns praise for its reputation on good financial management and physical fitness of players in the league as evidence for German football domination.[25]
Outside Europe, the J.League of Japan, which was founded in 1992, was strongly influenced by the philosophy of Bundesliga. The J.League since then has managed to establish itself as one of the best football leagues in Asia, in which it shares a beneficial relationship with the German counterpart.[26]
Bundesliga has managed to outwit Premier League of England in 2017 in online influence in China, having been accredited for its open embracement of live-streaming and fast-forward visions.[27]
Records
Appearances
- As of 1 June 2016[28]
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| # | Player | Apps | Years | Club(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Charly Körbel
|
602 | 1972–1991 | Eintracht Frankfurt 602 |
| 2 | Manfred Kaltz
|
581 | 1971–1991 | Hamburger SV 581 |
| 3 | Oliver Kahn
|
557 | 1987–2008 | Karlsruher SC 128, Bayern Munich 429 |
| 4 | Klaus Fichtel
|
552 | 1965–1988 | Schalke 04 477, Werder Bremen 75 |
| 5 | Miroslav Votava
|
546 | 1976–1996 | Borussia Dortmund 189, Werder Bremen 357 |
| 6 | Klaus Fischer
|
535 | 1968–1988 | 1860 Munich 60, Schalke 04 295, 1. FC Köln 96, VfL Bochum 84 |
| 7 | Eike Immel
|
534 | 1978–1995 | Borussia Dortmund 247, VfB Stuttgart 287 |
| 8 | Willi Neuberger
|
520 | 1966–1983 | Borussia Dortmund 148, Werder Bremen 63, Wuppertaler SV 42, Eintracht Frankfurt 267 |
| 9 | Michael Lameck
|
518 | 1972–1988 | VfL Bochum 518 |
| 10 | Uli Stein
|
512 | 1978–1997 | Arminia Bielefeld 60, Hamburger SV 228, Eintracht Frankfurt 224 |
Top scorers
- As of 18 September 2020[29]
| # | Player | Goals | Apps | Ratio | Years | Club(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gerd Müller |
365 | 427 | 0.85 | 1965–1979 | Bayern 365/427 |
| 2 | Klaus Fischer |
268 | 535 | 0.50 | 1968–1988 | 1860 Munich 28/60, Schalke 182/295, Köln 31/96, Bochum 27/84 |
| 3 |  Robert Lewandowski |
237 | 322 | 0.74 | 2010– | Dortmund 74/131, Bayern 163/191 |
| 4 | Jupp Heynckes |
220 | 369 | 0.60 | 1965–1978 | M’gladbach 195/283, Hannover 25/86 |
| 5 | Manfred Burgsmüller |
213 | 447 | 0.48 | 1969–1990 | Essen 32/74, Dortmund 135/224, Nürnberg 12/34, Bremen 34/115 |
| 6 | Template:Country data PER Claudio Pizarro | 197 | 490 | 0.40 | 1999–2020 | Bremen 109/250, Bayern 87/224, Köln 1/16 |
| 7 | Ulf Kirsten |
181 | 350 | 0.52 | 1990–2003 | Leverkusen 181/350 |
| 8 | Stefan Kuntz |
179 | 449 | 0.40 | 1983–1999 | Bochum 47/120, Uerdingen 32/94, K'lautern 75/170, Bielefeld 25/65 |
| 9 | Dieter Müller |
177 | 303 | 0.58 | 1973–1986 | Offenbach 0/2, Köln 159/248, Stuttgart 14/30, Saarbrücken 4/23 |
| Klaus Allofs |
177 | 424 | 0.42 | 1975–1993 | Düsseldorf 71/169, Köln 88/177, Bremen 18/78 |
Boldface indicates a player still active in the Bundesliga.
See also
- DFL (operator of the league)
- Promotion to the Bundesliga
- All-time Bundesliga table
- List of foreign Bundesliga players
- List of football clubs in Germany by major honours won
- List of attendance figures at domestic professional sports leagues – the Bundesliga in a worldwide context
- German football clubs in European competitions
References
- ↑ "The core functions of the DFL". Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ↑ "DAZN sublicenses Bundesliga rights from Eurosport / Subscription price rises". Broadband TV News. 18 July 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
- ↑ "Kooperation zwischen ARD und Sky: Kommt die Fußball-Bundesliga nun häufiger im Free-TV?". stuttgarter-zeitung.de (in Deutsch). 24 April 2019.
- ↑ "Free-TV zeigt zusätzliches Bayern-Spiel". n-tv.de (in Deutsch).
- ↑ "21st Century Fox Takes Global Rights to German Soccer League". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "Rupert Murdoch buys further Bundesliga broadcast rights". DW. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "Univision Deportes seals Bundesliga sublicensing deal with Fox – SportsPro Media". sportspromedia.com. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
- ↑ "Bundesliga is getting strong coverage package on FOX Sports". SBNation. 31 July 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "Fox Sports 2015–16 Bundesliga television schedule". Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "Exclusive Coverage of German Bundesliga Kicks Off on ESPN+, ESPN". ESPN Press Room U.S. (in English). 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2020-09-18.
- ↑ "ESPN+ to be the new home of the Bundesliga in the U.S. beginning August 2020". bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website (in English). Retrieved 2020-09-18.
- ↑ "Watch Germany's Bundesliga on Sportsnet". Sportsnet.ca. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "BT Sport extends Bundesliga rights deal until 2017". BT Sport. British Telecom. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "StarTimes confirms Bundesliga deal". Sport Industry Group. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
- ↑ "Honours". FC Bayern Munich. 20 May 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
- ↑ "Deutsche Meister der Männer" (in German). dfb.de. Archived from the original on 29 March 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "FIFA awards special 'Club World Champion' badge to AC Milan". FIFA. 7 February 2008. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
- ↑ "6 Durchführungsbestimmungen" [6 Implementing regulations] (PDF) (in German). p. 52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Bundesliga mit neuem Markenauftritt zur Saison 2010/2011" [Bundesliga with a new brand image for the 2010–11 season]. Bundesliga (in German). Deutsche Fußball Liga. 6 May 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "DFL und adidas feiern 50 Jahre Bundesliga: Neues Logo und neuer Ball zum Jubiläum" [DFL and adidas celebrate 50 years of the Bundesliga: New logo and new ball for the anniversary]. Bundesliga (in German). Deutsche Fußball Liga. 4 May 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Bundesliga: New brand look from 2017/18 season". Bundesliga. Deutsche Fußball Liga. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
- ↑ https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/0000277837.jsp
- ↑ https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/owen-hargreaves-hails-pep-guardiolas-22023307
- ↑ https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/germany-destination-of-choice-for-frustrated-england-kids-sancho-lookman-oxford-473754.jsp
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271208716_Physical_Attractiveness_and_monetary_success_in_German_Bundesliga
- ↑ https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1681906-the-german-bundesligas-importance-to-japanese-football
- ↑ https://www.campaignasia.com/article/bundesliga-beats-epl-for-online-influence-in-china/434069
- ↑ "Germany – All-Time Most Matches Played in Bundesliga". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 21 July 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
- ↑ "(West) Germany – Top Scorers". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 21 July 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
External links
Template:Commons category-inline
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