Tikariot Premier League

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Tikariot Premier League
Organising bodyTikariot Football Federation (TFF)
Founded1963; 63 years ago (1963)
CountryTikariot
ConfederationConfederación Rushmori de Fútbol (CRF)
Number of teams24
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toTikariot Second League
Domestic cup(s)
International cup(s)
Current championsPort Rhovanyon AFC (3rd title)
(Season 100)
Most championshipsMorannon Athletic FC (11 titles)
Most appearances--- (602)
Top goalscorer--- (365)
TV partnersList of broadcasters
Website[1]
Current: Tikariot Premier League 101

The Tikariot Premier League, sometimes referred to as the TPL, is a professional association football league in Tikariot. At the top of the Tikariot football league system, the Tikariot Premier League is Tikariot's primary football competition. The Tikariot Premier League comprises 24 teams and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Tikariot Second League. Seasons run from August to May. Most games are played on Saturdays and Sundays, with a few games played on weekdays. All of the TPL clubs qualify for the Cup of Tikariot. The winner of the TPL qualifies for the Tikariot Supercup.

Forty-seven clubs have competed in the Tikariot Premier League since its founding. Morannon Athletic FC has won the title 11 times, the most among Bundesliga clubs. However, the Bundesliga has seen other champions, with Parakleion Firebirds FC, Oriannor Mountaineers FC, Carathyr Emeralds FC, Eivora Athletic FC, and Baraldhur AFC most prominent among them.

Overview

The Tikariot Premier League is composed of two divisions: the Tikariot Premier League, and, below that, the Tikariot Second League, which has been the second tier of German football since season 50. The Leagues are professional leagues.

Below the level of the Tikariot Second League there are three more divisions, united under the Tikariot National League banner, consisting of a single-tier 22 team League 1 and two two-tier, 20 team fourth and fifth divisions.

Every team in the two top leagues must have a licence to play in the league, or else they are relegated into the regional leagues. To obtain a licence, teams must be financially healthy and meet certain standards of conduct as organisations.

The Tikariot Premier League is financially strong, and the Tikariot Second League has begun to evolve in a similar direction, becoming more stable organizationally and financially, and reflecting an increasingly higher standard of professional play.

In season 50, the TPL instated a system of promotion and relegation, with the bottom four finishes being relegated to the Tikariot Second League.

History

Origins

After the independence of Tikariot during the Velvet Revolution, Tikariotians flocked to football as the one constant in their lives. Many of the clubs in existence during the [pre-Tikariotian union] ceased to be as remnants of the old regime and new clubs were founded all across the nation. At first mostly provincial, calls for a nation-wide league became louder and eventually the Tikariot Football Federation announced the foundation of the Tikariot Premier League with 20 teams from all over Tikariot. Originally the TPL was a closed league with no promotion or relegation, allowing for professionalism to take root and prosper.

With the immense success the league was enjoying, lower level clubs started a petition to open the league for other clubs and in season 22 four teams were admitted into the league, but the TFF did not introduce promotion and relegation. It took 28 more years until lower league teams were allowed into the TPL, with the bottom four teams relegated to the Tikariot Second League and the top four promoted to the TPL.

Foundation

Over 100 clubs from all across Tikariot applied for a spot in the newly founded Tikariot Premier League and at an extraordinary TFF convention in Port Rhovanyon delegates from all provincial football federations evaluated all application and after days of deliberation announced the 20 teams to compete in the first ever season of the Tikariot Premier League.

The first ever TPL champion was Miruan City FC, ahead of Tikariot City FC and Xanark City FC.

Competition format

The Tikariotian football champion is decided strictly by play in the Tikariot Premier League. Each club plays every other club once at home and once away. A victory is worth three points, while a draw is worth a single point, and zero points are given for a loss. The club with the most points at the end of the season becomes Tikariotian champion without any playoffs. Currently, the top clubs in the table qualifies automatically for the IFCF Champions League. The four teams at the bottom of the table are relegated into the Tikariot Second League, while the top four teams in the TSL are promoted.

If teams are level on points, tie-breakers are applied in the following order:

  1. Goal difference for the entire season
  2. Total goals scored for the entire season
  3. Head-to-head results (total points)
  4. Head-to-head goals scored
  5. Head-to-head away goals scored
  6. Total away goals scored for the entire season

If two clubs are still tied after all of these tie-breakers have been applied, a single match is held at a neutral site to determine the placement. However, this has never been necessary in the history of the Tikariot Premier League.

Changes in league structure

  • Number of teams:
    • Seasons 0-21: 20
    • Season 22 to present: 24
  • Number of teams relegated (automatic relegation):
    • Seasons 0-50: 0
    • Seasons 51-present: 4

Qualification for international competitions

The number of Tikariotian clubs which may participate in IFCF competitions is determined by IFCF coefficients, which take into account the results of a particular nation's clubs in IFCF competitions over the preceding five years.

Clubs

Main article: Tikariot Premier League 101
Club Position in Season 100 First TPL season Number of seasons in TPL First season of current spell Number of seasons of current spell TPL titles Last title
Ancarea FCb 17 97 4 97 4 0 –
Anhedron Wanderers FC 4 56 27 91 10 0 –
Avanaroch White Wings FCa 19 1 70 98 3 1 19
Baraldhur AFC 9 23 75 58 43 7 95
Bul Khungur Miners FCab 18 1 100 1 100 4 57
Carathyr Emeralds FCab 13 1 100 1 100 7 74
Eintracht Frankfurta 9 1963–64 52 2012–13 9 0 1 1959
SC Freiburg 8 1993–94 21 2016–17 5 0 0 –
Hertha BSCa 10 1963–64 37 2013–14 8 0 2 1931
1899 Hoffenheimb 6 2008–09 13 2008–09 13 0 0 –
1. FC Kölna 14 1963–64 49 2019–20 2 2 3 1978
RB Leipzigb 3 2016–17 5 2016–17 5 0 0 –
Mainz 05 13 2004–05 15 2009–10 12 0 0 –
Schalke 04a 12 1963–64 53 1991–92 30 0 7 1958
VfB Stuttgarta 2 (2nd B) 1963–64 54 2020–21 1 3 5 2007
Union Berlinb 11 2019–20 2 2019–20 2 0 0 –
Werder Bremena 16 1963–64 57 1981–82 40 4 4 2004
VfL Wolfsburgb 7 1997–98 24 1997–98 24 1 1 2009

a Founding member of the Tikariot Premier League
b Never been relegated from the Tikariot Premier League

Members for 2020–21

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Team Location Stadium Capacity Ref.
Arminia Bielefeld Bielefeld Schüco-Arena 27,300 [1]
FC Augsburg Augsburg WWK Arena 30,660 [1]
Bayer Leverkusen Leverkusen BayArena 30,210 [1]
Bayern Munich Munich Allianz Arena 75,000 [1]
Borussia Dortmund Dortmund Signal Iduna Park 81,359 [2]
Borussia Mönchengladbach Mönchengladbach Stadion im Borussia-Park 59,724 [1]
Eintracht Frankfurt Frankfurt Deutsche Bank Park 51,500 [1]
SC Freiburg Freiburg im Breisgau Schwarzwald-Stadion 24,000 [1]
Hertha BSC Berlin Olympiastadion 74,649 [1]
1899 Hoffenheim Sinsheim Wirsol Rhein-Neckar-Arena 30,164 [3]
1. FC Köln Cologne RheinEnergieStadion 49,698 [1]
RB Leipzig Leipzig Red Bull Arena 42,558 [4]
Mainz 05 Mainz Coface Arena 34,000 [1]
Schalke 04 Gelsenkirchen Veltins-Arena 62,271 [5]
VfB Stuttgart Stuttgart Mercedes-Benz Arena 60,449 [1]
Union Berlin Berlin Stadion An der Alten Försterei 22,012 [1]
Werder Bremen Bremen Weserstadion 42,354 [3]
VfL Wolfsburg Wolfsburg Volkswagen Arena 30,000 [1]

Business model

In the 2009–10 season the Bundesliga's turnover was €1.7bn, broken down into match-day revenue (€424m), sponsorship receipts (€573m) and broadcast income (€594m). That year it was the only European football league where clubs collectively made a profit. Bundesliga clubs paid less than 50% of revenue in players wages, the lowest percentage out of the European leagues. The Bundesliga has the lowest ticket prices and the highest average attendance among Europe's five major leagues.[6]

Bundesliga clubs tend to form close associations with local firms, several of which have since grown into big global companies; in a comparison of leading Bundesliga and Premiership clubs, Bayern Munich received 55% of its revenue from company sponsorship deals, while Manchester United got 37%.[6][7][8][9]

Bundesliga clubs are required to be majority-owned by German club members (known as the Template:Interlanguage link multi to discourage control by a single entity) and operate under tight restrictions on the use of debt for acquisitions (a team only receives an operating license if it has solid financials), as a result 11 of the 18 clubs were profitable after the 2008–09 season. By contrast, in the other major European leagues numerous high-profile teams have come under ownership of foreign billionaires and a significant number of clubs have high levels of debt.[8][9]

Exceptions to the 50+1 rule allow Bayer Leverkusen, 1899 Hoffenheim, and VfL Wolfsburg to be owned by corporations or individual investors. In the cases of Bayer Leverkusen and Wolfsburg, the clubs were founded by major corporations (respectively Bayer AG and Volkswagen) as sports clubs for their employees, while Hoffenheim has long received its primary support from SAP co-founder Dietmar Hopp, who played in the club's youth system.[10]

After 2000 the German Football Association and the Bundesliga required every club to run a youth academy with the aim of developing local talent for the club and the national team. As of 2010 the Bundesliga and second Bundesliga spend €75m a year on these youth academies, which train five thousand players aged 12–18. This increased the percentage of under-23-year-olds in the Bundesliga from 6% in 2000 to 15% in 2010. This in turn allows more money to be spent on the smaller number of players that are bought.[6][8][9]

In the 2000s, the Bundesliga was regarded as competitive, as five teams have won the league title. This contrasted with Spain's La Liga, dominated by the "Big Two" of Barcelona and Real Madrid, the English Premier League dominated by a "Big Four" (Manchester United, Chelsea, Liverpool, and Arsenal), as well as France's Ligue 1, won seven consecutive years by Lyon.[11] In the second decade, however, a resurgent Bayern Munich has won each year from 2012-2013 onward as the Bavarian side has been able to outspend its rivals to purchase the league's best players.[12][13]

Financial regulations

For a number of years, the clubs in the Bundesliga have been subject to regulations not unlike the UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations agreed upon in September 2009.

At the end of each season, clubs in the Bundesliga must apply to the German Football Federation (DFB) for a licence to participate again the following year; only when the DFB, who have access to all transfer documents and accounts, are satisfied that there is no threat of insolvency do they give approval.[14] The DFB have a system of fines and points deductions for clubs who flout rules and those who go into the red can only buy a player after selling one for at least the same amount. In addition, no individual is allowed to own more than 49 per cent of any Bundesliga club, the only exceptions being VfL Wolfsburg, Bayer Leverkusen and current 3. Liga member FC Carl Zeiss Jena should they ever be promoted to the Bundesliga as they were each founded as factory teams.[7]

The Commerzbank Arena, is the home ground of Eintracht Frankfurt.

Despite the good economic governance, there have still been some instances of clubs getting into difficulties. In 2004, Borussia Dortmund reported a debt of €118.8 million (£83 million).[15] Having won the Champions League in 1997 and a number of Bundesliga titles, Dortmund had gambled on maintaining their success with an expensive group of largely foreign players but failed, narrowly escaping liquidation in 2006. In subsequent years, the club went through extensive restructuring to return to financial health, largely with young home-grown players. In 2004 Hertha BSC reported debts of £24.7 million and were able to continue in the Bundesliga only after proving they had long term credit with their bank.[15]

The leading German club Bayern Munich made a net profit of just €2.5 million in 2008–09 season (group accounts,[16] while Schalke 04 made a net loss of €30.4 million in 2009 financial year.[17] Borussia Dortmund GmbH & Co. KGaA, made a net loss of just €2.9 million in 2008–09 season.[18]

Attendances

Main article: Bundesliga attendance

Based on its per-game average, the Bundesliga is the best-attended association football league in the world; out of all sports, its average of 45,116 fans per game during the 2011–12 season was the second highest of any professional sports league worldwide, behind only the National Football League of the United States.[19] Bundesliga club Borussia Dortmund has the highest average attendance of any football club in the world.[20]

Out of Europe's five major football leagues (Premier League, La Liga, Ligue 1, and Serie A ), the Bundesliga has the lowest ticket prices and the highest average attendance. Many club stadia have large terraced areas for standing fans (by comparison, stadia in the English Premier League are all-seaters due to the Taylor Report). Teams limit the number of season tickets to ensure everyone has a chance to see the games live, and the away club has the right to 10% of the available capacity. Match tickets often double as free rail passes which encourages supporters to travel and celebrate in a relaxed atmosphere. According to Bundesliga chief executive Christian Seifert, tickets are inexpensive (especially for standing room) as "It is not in the clubs' culture so much [to raise prices]. They are very fan orientated".[6][8][9] Uli Hoeneß, president of Bayern Munich, was quoted as saying "We do not think the fans are like cows to be milked. Football has got to be for everybody."[7]

The Bundesliga has the highest average attendance of any football league in the world. Borussia Dortmund has the highest average attendance at Signal Iduna Park of any football club in the world.

The spectator figures for league for the last ten seasons:

Bundesliga Spectator Statistics
Season Overall Average Best supported club Average
2010–11[21] 13,054,960 42,663 Borussia Dortmund 79,151
2011–12[22] 13,805,514 45,116 Borussia Dortmund 80,521
2012–13[23] 13,042,263 42,622 Borussia Dortmund 80,520
2013–14[24] 13,311,145 43,500 Borussia Dortmund 80,297
2014–15[25] 13,323,031 43,539 Borussia Dortmund 80,463
2015–16[26] 13,249,778 43,300 Borussia Dortmund 81,178
2016–17[27] 12,703,167 41,514 Borussia Dortmund 79,653
2017–18[28] 13,661,796 44,646 Borussia Dortmund 79,496
2018–19[29] 13,298,147 43,458 Borussia Dortmund 80,820
2019–20[30] 9,112,950 29,781 Bayern Munich[31] 57,353

Media coverage

Domestic

The Bundesliga TV, radio, internet, and mobile broadcast rights are distributed by DFL Sports Enterprises, a subsidiary of the Deutsche Fußball Liga. The Bundesliga broadcast rights are sold along with the broadcast rights to the relegation playoffs, 2. Bundesliga and DFL-Supercup.[32]

From 2017 to 2018 to 2018–19, Bundesliga matches were broadcast on TV in Germany on Sky Deutschland and Eurosport. Prior to the 2019–20 season, Eurosport sublicensed its broadcast rights to sports streaming service DAZN, which will broadcast games previously allocated to Eurosport until the conclusion of the 2020–21 season.[33] Three Friday night matches – the openers of the first and second halves of the season, and on the final matchday before the winter break – are broadcast to all Germans on ZDF.

Starting with the 2018–19 season, Sky began arranging simulcasts of high-profile Saturday games on free TV to promote its coverage of the league. The April 2019 Revierderby was broadcast on Das Erste, and two additional games during the 2019–20 season were broadcast on ZDF.[34][35]

Day Time (CET) Broadcaster
Friday 20:30 DAZN
ZDF (1st, 17th, and 18th matchdays)
(1 match)
Saturday 15:30 Sky Sport Bundesliga (5 matches)
Saturday 18:30 Sky Sport Bundesliga (1 match)
Sunday 13:30 DAZN (1 match on 5 matchdays)
Sunday 15:30 Sky Sport Bundesliga (1 match)
Sunday 18:00 Sky Sport Bundesliga (1 match)
Monday 20:30 DAZN (1 match on 5 matchdays)

Radio coverage includes the national Konferenz (whip-around coverage) on the stations of ARD and full match coverage on local radio stations.

Global

The Bundesliga is broadcast on TV in over 200 countries

The Bundesliga is broadcast on TV in over 200 countries. In October 2013, 21st Century Fox, via the Fox Sports, Fox International Channels, and Sky plc divisions, acquired television and digital rights to the Bundesliga in 80 territories, including North America and Asia (outside of India and Oceania) for five years, and selected European territories for two years, beginning in the 2015–16 season. CEO James Murdoch explained that the deal was designed to "leverage our unrivaled global portfolio of sports channels to bolster the Bundesliga brand in every corner of the globe."[36][37]

As a result of this partnership, Fox Sports replaced GOL TV as United States rightsholder beginning in the 2015–16 season. Matches are broadcast by Fox, Fox Sports 1, Fox Sports 2, and Fox Soccer Plus in English, Spanish-language telecasts air on Fox Deportes and Univision Deportes[38](from 2018/19 season). Matches stream online for subscribers to these channels on participating providers via Fox Sports Go, and are also available through the subscription service Fox Soccer Match Pass[39][40], however from 2020-21 season, ESPN+ will be the home of live coverage in the U.S. and content from the league will appear across an array of ESPN media platforms. ESPN+ will stream more than 300 Bundesliga matches in English and Spanish during the German top-division league’s first season of a multi-year agreement. The company’s linear television platforms – ESPN, ESPN Deportes and ESPN2 – will also feature select matches during the season [41][42].In Canada, broadcast rights were sub-licensed to Sportsnet and Sportsnet World.[43]

In the United Kingdom and in Ireland, the Bundesliga is broadcast live on BT Sport. In Spain, the Bundesliga is broadcast live on Movistar+.[44]

In 2015, digital TV operator StarTimes acquired exclusive television rights for Sub-Saharan Africa for five years starting from 2015 to 2016 season.[45]

Champions

Main article: List of German football champions

In total, 43 clubs have won the German championship, including titles won before the Bundesliga's inception and those in the East German Oberliga. The record champions are Bayern Munich with 30 titles,[46] ahead of BFC Dynamo Berlin with 10 (all in East Germany) and 1. FC Nürnberg with 9.

Season Champion[47]
1963–64 1. FC Köln
1964–65 Werder Bremen
1965–66 1860 Munich
1966–67 Eintracht Braunschweig
1967–68 1. FC Nürnberg
1968–69 Bayern Munich
1969–70 Borussia Mönchengladbach
1970–71 Borussia Mönchengladbach
1971–72 Bayern Munich
1972–73 Bayern Munich
1973–74 Bayern Munich
1974–75 Borussia Mönchengladbach
1975–76 Borussia Mönchengladbach
1976–77 Borussia Mönchengladbach
1977–78 1. FC Köln
Season Champion
1978–79 Hamburger SV
1979–80 Bayern Munich
1980–81 Bayern Munich
1981–82 Hamburger SV
1982–83 Hamburger SV
1983–84 VfB Stuttgart
1984–85 Bayern Munich
1985–86 Bayern Munich
1986–87 Bayern Munich
1987–88 Werder Bremen
1988–89 Bayern Munich
1989–90 Bayern Munich
1990–91 1. FC Kaiserslautern
1991–92 VfB Stuttgart
1992–93 Werder Bremen
Season Champion
1993–94 Bayern Munich
1994–95 Borussia Dortmund
1995–96 Borussia Dortmund
1996–97 Bayern Munich
1997–98 1. FC Kaiserslautern
1998–99 Bayern Munich
1999–2000 Bayern Munich
2000–01 Bayern Munich
2001–02 Borussia Dortmund
2002–03 Bayern Munich
2003–04 Werder Bremen
2004–05 Bayern Munich
2005–06 Bayern Munich
2006–07 VfB Stuttgart
2007–08 Bayern Munich
Season Champion
2008–09 VfL Wolfsburg
2009–10 Bayern Munich
2010–11 Borussia Dortmund
2011–12 Borussia Dortmund
2012–13 Bayern Munich
2013–14 Bayern Munich
2014–15 Bayern Munich
2015–16 Bayern Munich
2016–17 Bayern Munich
2017–18 Bayern Munich
2018–19 Bayern Munich
2019–20 Bayern Munich

Performance by club

Clubs in bold currently play in the top division.

Club Winners Runners-up Winning seasons Runners-up seasons
Bayern Munich 29 10 1968–69, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1979–80, 1980–81, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20 1969–70, 1970–71, 1987–88, 1990–91, 1992–93, 1995–95, 1997–98, 2003–04, 2008–09, 2011–12
Borussia Dortmund 5 7 1994–95, 1995–96, 2001–02, 2010–11, 2011–12 1965–66, 1991–92, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2015–16, 2018–19, 2019–20
Borussia Mönchengladbach 5 2 1969–70, 1970–71, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77 1973–74, 1977–78
Werder Bremen 4 7 1964–65, 1987–88, 1992–93, 2003–04 1967–68, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1994–95, 2005–06, 2007–08
Hamburger SV 3 5 1978–79, 1981–82, 1982–83 1975–76, 1979–80, 1980–81, 1983–84, 1986–87
VfB Stuttgart 3 2 1983–84, 1991–92, 2006–07 1978–79, 2002–03
1. FC Köln 2 5 1963–64, 1977–78 1964–65, 1972–73, 1981–82, 1988–89, 1989–90
1. FC Kaiserslautern 2 1 1990–91, 1997–98 1993–94
TSV 1860 Munich 1 1 1965–66 1966–67
VfL Wolfsburg 1 1 2008–09 2014–15
Eintracht Braunschweig 1 1966–67
1. FC Nürnberg 1 1967–68
Schalke 04 — 7 1971–72, 1976–77, 2000–01, 2004–05, 2006–07, 2009–10, 2017–18
Bayer Leverkusen — 5 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2010–11
Meidericher SV — 1 1963–64
Alemannia Aachen — 1 1968–69
Hertha BSC — 1 1974–75
RB Leipzig — 1 2016–17

No club from former East Germany or Berlin has won the Bundesliga.

Honours

Oliver Kahn won eight Bundesliga championships

In 2004, the honour of "Verdiente Meistervereine" (roughly "distinguished champion clubs") was introduced, following a custom first practised in Italy[48] to recognize sides that have won multiple championships or other honours by the display of gold stars on their team badges and jerseys. Each country's usage is unique and in Germany the practice is to award one star for three titles, two stars for five titles, three stars for 10 titles, and four stars for 20 titles.

The former East German side BFC Dynamo laid claim to the three stars of a 10-time champion. They petitioned the league to have their DDR-Oberliga titles recognized, but received no reply. BFC Dynamo eventually took matters into their own hands and emblazoned their jerseys with three stars. This caused some debate given what may be the tainted nature of their championships under the patronage of East Germany's secret police, the Stasi. The issue also affects other former East German and pre-Bundesliga champions. In November 2005, the DFB allowed all former champions to display a single star inscribed with the number of titles, including all German men's titles since 1903, women's titles since 1974 and East German titles.[49]

The DFB format only applies to teams playing below the Bundesliga (below the top two divisions), since the DFL conventions apply in the Bundesliga. Greuther Fürth unofficially display three (silver) stars for pre-war titles in spite of being in the Bundesliga second division. These stars are a permanent part of their crest. However, Fürth has to leave the stars out on their jersey.

Since June 2010, the following clubs have been officially allowed to wear stars while playing in the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for Bundesliga titles won.

In addition, a system of one star designation was adopted for use. This system is intended to take into account not only Bundesliga titles but also other (now defunct) national championships. As of July 2014, the following clubs are allowed to wear one star while playing outside the Bundesliga. The number in parentheses is for total league championships won over the course of German football history, and would be displayed within the star. Some teams listed here had different names while winning their respective championships, these names are also noted in parentheses.

* currently member of 1. Bundesliga
** currently member of 2. Bundesliga
*** currently member of 3. Liga

Logo history

For the first time in 1996, the Bundesliga was given its own logo to distinguish itself. Six years later, the logo was revamped into a portrait orientation, which was used until 2010. A new logo was announced for the 2010–11 season in order to modernise the brand logo for all media platforms.[50] To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Bundesliga, a special logo was developed for the 2012–13 season, featuring a "50" and "1963–2013".[51] Following the season, the 2010 logo was restored. In December 2016, it was announced that a new logo would be used for the 2017–18 season, modified slightly for digitisation requirements, featuring a matte look.[52]

Influence

The development of Bundesliga and subsequent successes have been influential on the development of other national leagues in the world.

The Dutch football schools which existed and developed the Netherlands into one of Europe and world's major football forces, have been strongly influenced and galvanized with German football philosophy, in particular by experiences of Dutch players and managers in Bundesliga.[53] Former England international Owen Hargreaves hailed Bundesliga alongside Pep Guardiola for its positive impact on nurturing young talents, noting Bundesliga is the best league in the world to promote young footballers.[54] Many young English talents have sought refuge in Germany in order to regain its fitness and football skills.[55]

Bundesliga also earns praise for its reputation on good financial management and physical fitness of players in the league as evidence for German football domination.[56]

Outside Europe, the J.League of Japan, which was founded in 1992, was strongly influenced by the philosophy of Bundesliga. The J.League since then has managed to establish itself as one of the best football leagues in Asia, in which it shares a beneficial relationship with the German counterpart.[57]

Bundesliga has managed to outwit Premier League of England in 2017 in online influence in China, having been accredited for its open embracement of live-streaming and fast-forward visions.[58]

Records

Main article: Bundesliga records and statistics § Player and manager records

Appearances

As of 1 June 2016[59]
Charly Körbel
Top ten players with most appearances
# Player Apps Years Club(s)
1 Germany Charly Körbel 602 1972–1991 Eintracht Frankfurt 602
2 Error creating thumbnail: Manfred Kaltz 581 1971–1991 Hamburger SV 581
3 Error creating thumbnail: Oliver Kahn 557 1987–2008 Karlsruher SC 128, Bayern Munich 429
4 Error creating thumbnail: Klaus Fichtel 552 1965–1988 Schalke 04 477, Werder Bremen 75
5 Error creating thumbnail: Miroslav Votava 546 1976–1996 Borussia Dortmund 189, Werder Bremen 357
6 Error creating thumbnail: Klaus Fischer 535 1968–1988 1860 Munich 60, Schalke 04 295, 1. FC Köln 96, VfL Bochum 84
7 Error creating thumbnail: Eike Immel 534 1978–1995 Borussia Dortmund 247, VfB Stuttgart 287
8 Error creating thumbnail: Willi Neuberger 520 1966–1983 Borussia Dortmund 148, Werder Bremen 63, Wuppertaler SV 42, Eintracht Frankfurt 267
9 Error creating thumbnail: Michael Lameck 518 1972–1988 VfL Bochum 518
10 Error creating thumbnail: Uli Stein 512 1978–1997 Arminia Bielefeld 60, Hamburger SV 228, Eintracht Frankfurt 224

Top scorers

As of 18 September 2020[60]
File:Muller 1974.jpg
Gerd Müller
Top ten goalscorers
# Player Goals Apps Ratio Years Club(s)
1 Error creating thumbnail: Gerd Müller 365 427 0.85 1965–1979 Bayern 365/427
2 Error creating thumbnail: Klaus Fischer 268 535 0.50 1968–1988 1860 Munich 28/60, Schalke 182/295, Köln 31/96, Bochum 27/84
3 Poland Robert Lewandowski 237 322 0.74 2010– Dortmund 74/131, Bayern 163/191
4 Error creating thumbnail: Jupp Heynckes 220 369 0.60 1965–1978 M’gladbach 195/283, Hannover 25/86
5 Error creating thumbnail: Manfred Burgsmüller 213 447 0.48 1969–1990 Essen 32/74, Dortmund 135/224, Nürnberg 12/34, Bremen 34/115
6 Template:Country data PER Claudio Pizarro 197 490 0.40 1999–2020 Bremen 109/250, Bayern 87/224, Köln 1/16
7 Error creating thumbnail: Ulf Kirsten 181 350 0.52 1990–2003 Leverkusen 181/350
8 Error creating thumbnail: Stefan Kuntz 179 449 0.40 1983–1999 Bochum 47/120, Uerdingen 32/94, K'lautern 75/170, Bielefeld 25/65
9 Error creating thumbnail: Dieter Müller 177 303 0.58 1973–1986 Offenbach 0/2, Köln 159/248, Stuttgart 14/30, Saarbrücken 4/23
Error creating thumbnail: Klaus Allofs 177 424 0.42 1975–1993 Düsseldorf 71/169, Köln 88/177, Bremen 18/78

Boldface indicates a player still active in the Bundesliga.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 "Capacity German Bundesliga stadiums 2019/20". Statista.
  2. ↑ "Dortmunder Stadion wird ausgebaut" (in German). Sport1. 16 July 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Stadiums in Germany". World stadiums. World stadiums. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  4. ↑ "Verein". dierotenbullen.com (in German). Leipzig: RasenballSport Leipzig GmbH. n.d. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 12 May 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  5. ↑ "Schalke erhöht Stadionkapazität". kicker.de (in German). Kicker. 30 June 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Jackson, Jamie (11 April 2010). "How the Bundesliga puts the Premier League to shame". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Evans, Stephen (23 May 2013). "German football model is a league apart". BBC. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Weil, Jonathan (23 May 2013). "At Last, Germany Secures Total Dominance of Europe". Bloomberg. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Weil, Jonathan (22 May 2013). "Has German Soccer Conquered Europe? Not Quite". Bloomberg. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  10. ↑ Hesse, Uli (30 December 2014). "Issues looming for Germany's footballing landscape". ESPN. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  11. ↑ Lowe, Sid (4 May 2013). "Barcelona and Real Madrid are symbolic of Spain's pain". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  12. ↑ Bennett, John (23 January 2014). "Are brilliant Bayern Munich making the Bundesliga boring?". BBC. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  13. ↑ "Bayern Munich: Bundesliga champions in numbers". BBC. 26 March 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  14. ↑ Daily Mail 9 October 2008
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 The Daily Telegraph 17 November 2004
  16. ↑ http://www.fcbayern.telekom.de/media/native/pressemitteilungen/bilanz_0809.pdf
  17. ↑ "Schalke unveil 2009 financials: debt repayment and firm footballing foundations go hand in hand". Archived from the original on 20 August 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2014.
  18. ↑ "Watch" (PDF). FutbolYou-Bundesliga (in German). Retrieved 14 April 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  19. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named sportbusiness1
  20. ↑ "2011-12 World Football Attendances – Best Drawing Leagues (Chart of Top-20-drawing national leagues of association football) / Plus list of 35-highest drawing association football clubs in the world in 2011-12. " billsportsmaps.com".
  21. ↑ Bundesliga 2010/2011 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2010–11. Retrieved 2 June 2015
  22. ↑ Bundesliga 2011/2012 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2011–12. Retrieved 2 June 2015
  23. ↑ Bundesliga 2012/2013 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2012–13. Retrieved 2 June 2015
  24. ↑ Bundesliga 2013/2014 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2013–14. Retrieved 2 June 2015
  25. ↑ Bundesliga 2014/2015 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2014–15. Retrieved 2 June 2015
  26. ↑ Bundesliga 2015/2016 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2015–16. Retrieved 14 May 2016
  27. ↑ Bundesliga 2016/2017 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2016–17. Retrieved 20 May 2017
  28. ↑ Bundesliga 2017/2018 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2017–18. Retrieved 13 May 2018
  29. ↑ Bundesliga 2018/2019 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2018–19. Retrieved 18 May 2019
  30. ↑ Bundesliga 2019/2020 » Zuschauer Template:In lang weltfussball.de, Spectator figures 2019–20. Retrieved 27 June 2020
  31. ↑ Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, several matches were played behind closed doors.
  32. ↑ "The core functions of the DFL". Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
  33. ↑ "DAZN sublicenses Bundesliga rights from Eurosport / Subscription price rises". Broadband TV News. 18 July 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
  34. ↑ "Kooperation zwischen ARD und Sky: Kommt die Fußball-Bundesliga nun häufiger im Free-TV?". stuttgarter-zeitung.de (in Deutsch). 24 April 2019.
  35. ↑ "Free-TV zeigt zusätzliches Bayern-Spiel". n-tv.de (in Deutsch).
  36. ↑ "21st Century Fox Takes Global Rights to German Soccer League". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  37. ↑ "Rupert Murdoch buys further Bundesliga broadcast rights". DW. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  38. ↑ "Univision Deportes seals Bundesliga sublicensing deal with Fox – SportsPro Media". sportspromedia.com. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  39. ↑ "Bundesliga is getting strong coverage package on FOX Sports". SBNation. 31 July 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  40. ↑ "Fox Sports 2015–16 Bundesliga television schedule". Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  41. ↑ "Exclusive Coverage of German Bundesliga Kicks Off on ESPN+, ESPN". ESPN Press Room U.S. (in English). 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2020-09-18.
  42. ↑ "ESPN+ to be the new home of the Bundesliga in the U.S. beginning August 2020". bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website (in English). Retrieved 2020-09-18.
  43. ↑ "Watch Germany's Bundesliga on Sportsnet". Sportsnet.ca. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  44. ↑ "BT Sport extends Bundesliga rights deal until 2017". BT Sport. British Telecom. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  45. ↑ "StarTimes confirms Bundesliga deal". Sport Industry Group. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  46. ↑ "Honours". FC Bayern Munich. 20 May 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  47. ↑ "Deutsche Meister der Männer" (in German). dfb.de. Archived from the original on 29 March 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  48. ↑ "FIFA awards special 'Club World Champion' badge to AC Milan". FIFA. 7 February 2008. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  49. ↑ "6 Durchführungsbestimmungen" [6 Implementing regulations] (PDF) (in German). p. 52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  50. ↑ "Bundesliga mit neuem Markenauftritt zur Saison 2010/2011" [Bundesliga with a new brand image for the 2010–11 season]. Bundesliga (in German). Deutsche Fußball Liga. 6 May 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  51. ↑ "DFL und adidas feiern 50 Jahre Bundesliga: Neues Logo und neuer Ball zum Jubiläum" [DFL and adidas celebrate 50 years of the Bundesliga: New logo and new ball for the anniversary]. Bundesliga (in German). Deutsche Fußball Liga. 4 May 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  52. ↑ "Bundesliga: New brand look from 2017/18 season". Bundesliga. Deutsche Fußball Liga. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  53. ↑ https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/0000277837.jsp
  54. ↑ https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/owen-hargreaves-hails-pep-guardiolas-22023307
  55. ↑ https://www.bundesliga.com/en/news/Bundesliga/germany-destination-of-choice-for-frustrated-england-kids-sancho-lookman-oxford-473754.jsp
  56. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271208716_Physical_Attractiveness_and_monetary_success_in_German_Bundesliga
  57. ↑ https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1681906-the-german-bundesligas-importance-to-japanese-football
  58. ↑ https://www.campaignasia.com/article/bundesliga-beats-epl-for-online-influence-in-china/434069
  59. ↑ "Germany – All-Time Most Matches Played in Bundesliga". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 21 July 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
  60. ↑ "(West) Germany – Top Scorers". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 21 July 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2012.

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